練習問題

1章 正の数と負の数

2.正の数・負の数の加法と減法


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(問1)
(1) (−4)+6
(2) (−6)+3
(3) (−8)+7
(4) (−12)+16
(5) (−20)+9
(6) (−23)+23
(7) −3+21
(8) −33+19


(1) (−4)+6=2
(2) (−6)+3=−3
(3) (−8)+7=−1
(4) (−12)+16=4
(5) (−20)+9=−11
(6) (−23)+23=0
(7) −3+21=18
(8) −33+19=−12

(問2)
(1) (+3)−9
(2) 6−8
(3) 4−11
(4) (−4)−2
(5) (−7)−9
(6) −14−9
(7) 27−44
(8) −36−58


(1) (+3)−9=−6
(2) 6−8=−2
(3) 4−11=−7
(4) (−4)−2=−6
(5) (−7)−9=−16
(6) −14−9=−23
(7) 27−44=−17
(8) −36−58=−94

(問3)
(1) 8+(−5)
(2) (−7)+(−1)
(3) (+6)+(−6)
(4) (−3)+(−9)
(5) 6+(−24)
(6) (+15)+(−26)
(7) −10+(−19)
(8) −39+(−39)


(1) 8+(−5)=3
(2) (−7)+(−1)=−8
(3) (+6)+(−6)=0
(4) (−3)+(−9)=−12
(5) 6+(−24)=−18
(6) (+15)+(−26)=−9
(7) −10+(−19)=−29
(8) −39+(−39)=−78

(問4)
(1) 6−(−3)
(2) 8−(−6)
(3) 0−(−2)
(4) (−7)−(−9)
(5) (−5)−(−5)
(6) (−25)−(−42)
(7) −21−(−39)
(8) −44−(−28)


(1) 6−(−3)=9
(2) 8−(−6)=14
(3) 0−(−2)=2
(4) (−6)−(−9)=3
(5) (−5)−(−5)=0
(6) (−25)−(−42)=17
(7) −21−(−39)=18
(8) −44−(−28)=−16

(問5)
(1) 5−3+8−2
(2) 13−8+6−9
(3) (+5)+(−6)−(+7)
(4) (−7)−(−2)+(−9)
(5) −15+(−8)−(−7)
(6) −24−(−18)−12
(7) −47+(−25)+(−14)+11
(8) (−36)+24+(+61)−(+31)


(1) 5−3+8−2
 =13−5
 =8

(2) 13−8+6−9
 =19−17
 =2

(3) (+5)+(−6)−(+7)
 =5−6−7
 =5−13
 =−8

(4) (−7)−(−2)+(−9)
 =−7+2−9
 =−16+2
 =−14

(5) −15+(−8)−(−7)
 =−15−8+7
 =−23+7
 =−16

(6) −24−(−18)−12
 =−24+18−12
 =−36+18
 =−18

(7) −47+(−25)+(−14)+11
 =−47−25−14+11
 =−86+11
 =−75

(8) (−36)+24+(+61)−(+31)
 =−36+24+61−31
 =−67+85
 =18

(問6)
(1) −9+2.8
(2) (−3.8)−8.5
(3) (+4.7)+(−7.3)
(4) −6.2−(−5.5)
(5) −6.84+(−2.8)
(6) 12.56−(−3.14)
(7) 0.5+(−4.8)−7.9
(8) 0.8−4.2+8.3−(−2.8)


(1) −9+2.8=−6.2

(2) (−3.8)−8.5
 =−3.8−8.5
 =−12.3

(3) (+4.7)+(−7.3)
 =+4.7−7.3
 =−2.6

(4) −6.2−(−5.5)
 =−6.2+5.5
 =−0.7

(5) −6.84+(−2.8)
 =−6.84−2.8
 =−9.64

(6) 12.56−(−3.14)
 =12.56+3.14
 =15.7

(7) 0.5+(−4.8)−7.9
 =0.5−4.8−7.9
 =−12.2

(8) 0.8−4.2+8.3−(−2.8)
 =0.8−4.2+8.3+2.8
 =11.9−4.2
 =7.7


(問7)
(1)\(-\dfrac {1} {2} +\dfrac {2} {3}\)
(2)\(-\dfrac {1} {3} -\dfrac {3} {4}\)
(3)\(\dfrac {5} {18} -\left( -\dfrac {5} {6} \right) \)
(4)\(-\dfrac {11} {12} +\dfrac {9} {8}\)
(5) −0.8 +\(\dfrac {2} {5}\)
(6)\(-\dfrac {5} {6}\)  + 0.7
(7)\(-\dfrac {1} {3} -\left( -\dfrac {1} {2} \right)+\dfrac {5} {6}\)
(8)\(-\dfrac {7} {3} +\left\{ \left( \dfrac {3} {4} -\dfrac {5} {6} \right) +2\right\} -\left( -\dfrac {3} {8} \right) \)


(1)\(-\dfrac {1} {2} +\dfrac {2} {3}\)
=\(-\dfrac {3} {6} +\dfrac {4} {6}\)
=\(\dfrac {1} {6}\)

(2)\(-\dfrac {1} {3} -\dfrac {3} {4}\)
=\(-\dfrac {4} {12} -\dfrac {9} {12}\)
=\(-\dfrac {13} {12}\)

(3)\(\dfrac {5} {18} -\left( -\dfrac {5} {6} \right) \)
=\(\dfrac {5} {18} +\dfrac {5} {6}\)
=\(\dfrac {5} {18} +\dfrac {15} {18}\)
=\(\dfrac {20} {18}\)
=\(\dfrac {10} {9}\)

(4)\(-\dfrac {11} {12} +\dfrac {9} {8}\)
=\(-\dfrac {22} {24} +\dfrac {27} {24}\)
=\(\dfrac {5} {24}\)

(5) −0.8 +\(\dfrac {2} {5}\)
=\(-\dfrac {4} {5} +\dfrac {2} {5}\)
=\(-\dfrac {2} {5}\)

(6)\(-\dfrac {5} {6}\)  + 0.7
=\(-\dfrac {5} {6} +\dfrac {7} {10}\)
=\(-\dfrac {25} {30} +\dfrac {21} {30}\)
=\(-\dfrac {4} {30}\)
=\(-\dfrac {2} {15}\)

(7)\(-\dfrac {1} {3} -\left( -\dfrac {1} {2} \right)+\dfrac {5} {6}\)
=\(-\dfrac {1} {3} +\dfrac {1} {2} +\dfrac {5} {6}\)
=\(-\dfrac {2} {6} +\dfrac {3} {6} +\dfrac {5} {6}\)
=\(\dfrac {6} {6}\)
= 1

(8)\(-\dfrac {7} {3} +\left\{ \left( \dfrac {3} {4} -\dfrac {5} {6} \right) +2\right\} -\left( -\dfrac {3} {8} \right) \)
=\(-\dfrac {7} {3} +\left( -\dfrac {1} {12} + 2\right) -\left( -\dfrac {3} {8} \right) \)
=\(-\dfrac {7} {3} +\dfrac {23} {12} +\dfrac {3} {8}\)
=\(-\dfrac {56} {24} +\dfrac {46} {24} +\dfrac {9} {24}\)
=\(-\dfrac {1} {24}\)


   





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